TL;DR
- Umthetho Wokulawulwa Kwemikhiqizo Yokwakha we-EU (i-CPR) udinga ukuhlolwa kokusabela komlilo ngaphansi komthetho I-EN 13501-1 ngezinto zokwakha ubuso ezakhiweni zomphakathi okuhlanganisa namahhotela.
- I-Bfl-s1 iyisigaba esiphezulu kakhulu sokusabela emlilweni esingafinyelelwa yizinto ezivuthayo njenge-WPC (i-wood-plastic composite).
- "s1" isho ukukhiqizwa kwentuthu okuphansi kakhulu, okubalulekile ezimweni zokufuduka ehhotela ezinamakhulu ezivakashi.
- Co-I-Wpc yokwengeza Ukufakwa kwensimbi okwenziwe ngama-core amaminerali angashisi umlilo kungafinyelela ku-Bfl-s1, kuyilapho amaphrofayili ajwayelekile e-WPC evame ukufika ku-Cfl noma ku-Dfl.
- Ngo-2026, amazwe amaningana angamalungu e-EU aqinise imithetho yokwakha yendawo ukuze kuphoqelelwe i-Bfl-s1 noma okungcono ukuze kufakwe izindonga ezakhiweni ezingaphezu kwezitezi ezimbili.
- Amashidi okukhipha umoya e-VOC ewodwa awasaneliseki ngokuvunyelwa kwe-façade yehhotela elinezitezi eziningi; umbiko wokuhlolwa komlilo osebenzayo ngokwe-EN 13501-1 manje usuyadingeka.
1. Kungani Ama-Façade Ehhotela Engaphansi Kwe-Microscope Elawulwayo
Inhlekelele yeGrenfell Tower ngo-2017 yabangela ushintsho olukhulu endleleni abalawuli baseYurophu abahlola ngayo izinto ezingaphandle kwesakhiwo somphakathi kanye nesokungenisa izihambi. Eminyakeni eyalandela, Umthetho Wokulawulwa Kwemikhiqizo Yokwakha we-EU (i-CPR) isibuyekeziwe, futhi imithetho yokwakha yamalungu ombuso ilandele izimfuneko zendawo eziqinile.
Amahhotela abhekene nokuhlolisiswa okukhethekile ngezizathu ezintathu:
- Ubuningi babantu abahlala khona: Ihhotela eliphakathi nendawo lingamukela izivakashi ezingamakhulu amaningana ngesitezi ngasinye ngesikhathi sesizini esimatasa kakhulu. Isikhathi sokuphuma silinganiswa ngemizuzu, hhayi ngemizuzwana.
- Ukuhlala ubusuku bonke: Abantu abaningi abahlala lapho balele lapho ingozi yomlilo iphezulu kakhulu, okunciphisa ukusabela kokuqala.
- Ukusabalala komlilo oqondile: Ukumbozwa kwe-façade kusebenza njengeshimini uma kungenakukwazi ukumelana nokusabalala komlilo, kusheshise ukusabalala okuqondile ezitezi eziningi.
Ngenxa yalezi zizathu, iziphathimandla zikazwelonke eFrance (Reglementation Sécurité Incendie), Germany (Landesbauordnungen), Netherlands (Bouwbesluit 2012 izichibiyelo), kanye nabanye manje babhekisela ngokusobala I-EN 13501-1: Ukuhlukaniswa komlilo kwemikhiqizo yokwakha njengesilinganiso sokuvunyelwa kwezinto ezingaphandle kwamahhotela nezakhiwo ezifanayo.
2. Ukuqonda i-EN 13501-1: Okushiwo Ukuhlukaniswa Empeleni
I-EN 13501-1 ihlukanisa imikhiqizo yokwakha ibe ngama-Euroclasses kusukela ku-A1 (engashi) kuya ku-F (akukho ukusebenza okunqunyiwe). Uhlelo lokuhlela luhlola izindlela ezintathu ngesikhathi esisodwa:
| Isilinganiso | Lokho Okukalayo | Izinga Lokuhlola |
|---|---|---|
| Ukusha | Ukuthi umkhiqizo uyavutha yini uma ubhekene nelangabi elincane | I-EN ISO 11925-2 |
| Ukukhishwa kokushisa | Izinga lokukhishwa kokushisa okuphezulu (i-FIGRA) kanye nokukhishwa kokushisa okuphelele | I-EN ISO 9239-1 (yephansi) |
| Ukukhiqizwa kwentuthu | Izinga kanye nenani eliphelele lentuthu ekhiqizwayo | I-EN ISO 9239-1 (yephansi) |
Ngezinhlelo zokusebenza zephansi kanye ne-façade, ukuhlukaniswa kusebenzisa isijobelelo esithi "fl" (floor) sendlela yokuhlola ye-single-burning-item (SBI) elungiselelwe imikhiqizo engaphezulu. Amakilasi ayinhloko ahlobene nokumbozwa kwe-WPC yile:
- I-Afl: Ayishisi (ukhonkolo, itshe). Ayikwazi ukufezwa yi-WPC.
- I-Bfl-s1: Umnikelo omncane kakhulu emlilweni okhiqiza intuthu encane kakhulu. Isigaba esiphezulu kakhulu esingafinyelelwa yizinto ezivuthayo.
- I-Cfl-s1 / I-Cfl-s2: Umnikelo omncane uma intuthu iphansi noma iphakathi nendawo.
- I-Dfl / Efl: Ukusebenza okwamukelekayo noma okungaphelele; kuya kwenqatshwa kakhulu ngenxa yezakhiwo zehhotela ezinezitezi eziningi.
Isigaba esincane sentuthu "s1" sibalulekile emahhotela. Ukuhogela intuthu kuyimbangela ehamba phambili yokufa kwabantu emililweni yezakhiwo. Isilinganiso se-s1 siqinisekisa ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kwentuthu kuhlala kungaphansi kwama-30 m²/s esigabeni sokuqala sokukhula, okunikeza izivakashi kanye nabaphenduli bezimo eziphuthumayo ithuba elibanzi lokuphepha.
3. I-Bfl-s1 vs. I-Cfl vs. I-Dfl: Okushiwo Izilinganiso Zephrojekthi Yehhotela
Ukukhetha isigaba somlilo esingalungile se-façade yehhotela. Ukumbozwa kwe-WPC kunemiphumela emithathu ekhula ngokushesha ekusebenzeni:
Ukulibaziseka Kokuvunyelwa
Iziphathimandla zemvume yokwakha ezindaweni eziningi ze-EU zizokwenqaba noma zibambe izicelo ezingenayo umbiko wokuhlolwa we-EN 13501-1 osebenzayo wekilasi lomlilo elichaziwe. Ukuthumela isitifiketi se-VOC esikhundleni salokho kubangela isicelo solwazi esingangeza amasonto angu-4-8 kusikhathi sokuvunyelwa.
Imiphumela Yomshuwalense
Abashuwalensi bezindlu zezentengiselwano badinga kakhulu i-Bfl-s1 noma ngaphezulu kwezinto zokwakha izakhiwo zokungenisa izihambi. Umninipholisi osebenzisa i-Dfl-rated cladding angase abhekane nokukhishwa ezimangalweni zomonakalo womlilo noma amaphrimiyamu aphezulu kakhulu.
Ingozi Yodumo
Imikhiqizo yamahhotela esebenza ngaphansi kwamafulegi omhlaba wonke (i-Accor, i-Marriott, i-Hilton) inezindinganiso zokuphepha zangaphakathi ezivame ukwedlula amakhodi okwakha endawo. Umthuthukisi ochaza ukumbozwa okungaphansi kwezindinganiso usengozini yokulahlekelwa yi-franchise yomkhiqizo.
Ngenxa yazo zonke izizathu ezintathu, i-Bfl-s1 manje ibhekwa njengento encane kakhulu yokusebenza kwe-WPC clodding ye-façade yehhotela ezimakethe eziningi zaseYurophu, ngisho nalapho amakhodi endawo evumela khona i-Cfl-s1.
4. Indlela Ubuchwepheshe be-Co-Extrusion WPC obufinyelela ngayo i-Bfl-s1
Amaphrofayili ajwayelekile enhlanganisela yokhuni nepulasitiki ngaphandle kwezithasiselo ezenziwe ngomlilo ngokuvamile afinyelela izilinganiso ze-Cfl noma ze-Dfl. Ukwakheka kwesisekelo -- i-polyethylene noma i-polypropylene ehlanganiswe nofulawa wokhuni -- kuyasha ngokwemvelo. Ukufinyelela i-Bfl-s1 kudinga ukuguqulwa okuqondiwe kokubili emazingeni ezinto zokwakha kanye nawokukhiqiza.
Yesimanje ukumbozwa kwe-WPC okuhlanganisiwe isebenzisa indlela enezingqimba ezimbili:
- Isendlalelo esiyinhloko: I-substrate enkulu ye-WPC ihlanganiswe nama-filler amaminerali avimbela umlilo (i-aluminium trihydrate, i-magnesium hydroxide) akhipha umhwamuko wamanzi lapho efudunyezwa, amunce amandla futhi acindezele ukusabalala komlilo.
- Igobolondo elihlanganisiwe: Isendlalelo sesivalo se-polymer esivikelayo sikhishwa ngasikhathi sinye phezu kwengaphakathi. Lesi sivalo singahlanganisa izithasiselo ezivuvukalayo ezikhula lapho zivezwa ekushiseni, zakha isithiyo sokushisa esivikela ingaphakathi ekushiseni.
Inqubo yokukhipha ngokuhlanganyela iqinisekisa ukuthi izithasiselo ezivimbela umlilo zisatshalaliswa ngokunembile kuyo yonke ingxenye yephrofayili, kunokuba zisetshenziswe njengesembozo sobuso esingaguga. Lokhu kuyinzuzo ebalulekile ekusetshenzisweni kwe-façade yangaphandle lapho izinto kufanele zigcine ukusebenza kwazo komlilo eminyakeni eyi-15-25 yokushiswa yizulu.
Ngokuphambene nalokho, ukumbozwa kwe-WPC yakudala amaphrofayili angenawo ama-co-extrusion asengafinyelela izilinganiso zomlilo ezamukelekayo zezinhlelo zokusebenza eziphansi noma ezingezona ezehhotela, kodwa ngokuvamile afika ku-Cfl-s2 kune-Bfl-s1.
5. Ugibe Lokuthobela Imithetho Ye-VOC Kuphela: Kungani Amashidi Okukhipha Imfucuza Engeyona Imibiko Yomlilo
Abaphathi abaningi bephrojekthi, ikakhulukazi labo abashintsha ekuthengeni izinto zangaphakathi, bahlanganisa imibhalo yokukhishwa kwe-VOC (Volatile Organic Compound) nokuhambisana nokuphepha komlilo. Lokhu kudideka kuyaqondakala kodwa kuyingozi.
Ishidi lokukhishwa kwe-VOC livame ukubhekisela kulo Izindinganiso zochungechunge lwe-ISO 16000 noma i-EN 16516 futhi iqinisekisa ukuthi umkhiqizo awukhiphi amazinga ayingozi e-formaldehyde, i-benzene, noma amanye amakhemikhali aguquguqukayo emoyeni wangaphakathi. Lokhu kubalulekile ngaphakathi kwegumbi lezivakashi, kodwa akusho lutho ngalokhu:
- Ukuthi umkhiqizo uzovutha yini uma ubhekene nomthombo womlilo
- Umkhiqizo uzokhipha ukushisa okungakanani uma usushile
- Umkhiqizo uzokhiqiza intuthu engakanani ngesikhathi sokusha
- Ukuthi umkhiqizo uzofaka isandla yini ekusabalaleni komlilo ebusweni
Isitifiketi sokukhishwa kwe-VOC kanye nombiko wokuhlukaniswa komlilo we-EN 13501-1 kuyimibhalo emibili ehlukene ngokuphelele ehlola imingcele emibili yokusebenza ehlukene ngokuphelele. Ukuthumela eyodwa esikhundleni senye kuzoholela ekwenqatshweni kwemvume kuzo zonke izindawo ze-EU ezibhekisela ezidingweni ze-CPR.
Ngo-2026, iziphathimandla zokwakha eJalimane, eFrance, eNetherlands, eBelgium, e-Austria naseScandinavia sezibeke imibiko yokuhlukaniswa kwe-EN 13501-1 njengesibopho sokumbozwa kwe-façade kuzo zonke izakhiwo zomphakathi ezingaphezu kwezitezi ezimbili. Amashidi e-VOC angase adingeke kanye nemibiko yomlilo yezicelo zangaphakathi, kodwa awakwazi ukufaka esikhundleni sokuhlukaniswa komlilo kumongo we-façade.
6. Uhlu Lokuhlola Lokucaciswa Kwesigqoko Se-WPC Se-Façade Sehhotela
Incazelo eqinile yokufakwa kwe-WPC ebusweni behhotela kufanele ifake lezi zidingo ezilandelayo ezihlobene nomlilo:
| Ipharamitha | Isidingo | Okujwayelekile |
|---|---|---|
| Ukusabela emlilweni | Ubuncane be-Bfl-s1 | I-EN 13501-1 |
| Ukuqinisekiswa kombiko wokuhlolwa | Kukhishwe zingakapheli iminyaka emi-5, yi-Notified Body egunyaziwe | I-EU CPR, Inombolo Yokubhalisa (i-EU) 305/2011 |
| Ukumelana nesimo sezulu | Ukusebenza komlilo kugcinwa ngemva kokuguga okusheshayo | EN 15534-1, Isijobelelo ZA |
| Ubuthi bomusi | Ngaphansi komkhawulo ngokwesijobelelo sikazwelonke | I-EN ISO 5659-2 |
| Ukumaka kwe-CE | Isigaba sokusabela komlilo simenyezelwe ngelebula le-DoP kanye nelebula le-CE | I-EU CPR, Isijobelelo III |
| Izinga lomkhiqizo | Ukusebenza kwe-WPC cladding ngokwezinga elivumelanisiwe | I-EN 15534-1 |
Abathengi kufanele futhi baqinisekise ukuthi umbiko wokuhlola ubhekisela ekucushweni komkhiqizo othize oku-odwayo -- i-geometry yephrofayili, ukujiya kodonga, umbala, kanye nokwakheka kwengqimba ye-co-extrusion. Umbiko womlilo wephrofayili enobukhulu obungu-20 mm awukwazi ukwelulwa ube uhlobo oluyi-14 mm ubukhulu, noma ngabe ukwakheka kwesisekelo kufana.
Izinga lomkhiqizo elivumelanisiwe I-EN 15534-1 ihlinzeka ngohlaka lokumemezela ukusebenza kwe-WPC cladding, okuhlanganisa nokusabela komlilo, ngaphansi kwe-CPR. Ukuhambisana ne-EN 15534 kuyindlela yokungena ekumakisweni kwe-CE, okuvumela ukuhamba ngokukhululeka komkhiqizo emakethe eyodwa ye-EU.
7. Imikhuba Yokufaka Egcina Ukusebenza Komlilo
Ngisho nomkhiqizo we-WPC osezingeni le-Bfl-s1 ungalahlekelwa yinzuzo yawo yokusebenza komlilo uma ufakwe ngendlela engalungile. Amaphutha avamile okufakwa alimaza ukuphepha komlilo afaka:
- Isakhiwo esingaphansi esingakalwanga:Ukufaka i-Bfl-s1 Iphaneli ye-WpcIsakhiwo esingaphansi kwebhathini lezingodo sethula izinto ezivuthayo ngemuva kwesendlalelo sokumboza. Cacisa izinhlelo ze-aluminium noma zensimbi ezingashisi ze-façades zehhotela.
- Izithiyo zomgodi ezingekho: Izicabha ze-rainscreen ezinomoya zinomgodi womoya phakathi kwe-cladding nodonga. Ngaphandle kwezithiyo zokuvimba umlilo ezingeni ngalinye lesitezi, umlilo ungasakazeka ngaphesheya naphezulu ngaphakathi komgodi. I-EN 1991-1-2 kanye nezixhumi zikazwelonke zichaza ukubekwa kwesithiyo somgodi.
- Ukwelashwa okungafanele kwamalunga: Amajoyinti avulekile noma izikhala ezidlula izimfuneko zomkhiqizi zingadalula umongo we-WPC ekuthinteni komlilo ngqo, zidlule ungqimba oluvikelayo lwe-co-extrusion. Landela ububanzi bamajoyinti obuchazwe ngumkhiqizi bese usebenzisa i-sealant elinganiswe ngomlilo lapho kuchazwe khona.
- Ukungena ngaphandle kokucima umlilo: Ukungena kwamapayipi kanye nekhebula ngendiza yokumboza kumele kuvalwe ngamakhola noma izimbobo ezilinganiselwe umlilo ukuze kugcinwe umngcele wegumbi lomlilo.
Isilinganiso sezinto ze-Bfl-s1 sibhekana nomkhiqizo wodwa. Ukusebenza komlilo ezingeni lesistimu -- inhlanganisela yokumbozwa, isakhiwo esingaphansi, izithiyo zomgodi, kanye nokuvimba umlilo ozungeze umngcele -- kuhlolwa ngokwehlukana ngaphansi kwemithetho yezakhiwo kazwelonke futhi kumele kwakhiwe ngunjiniyela womlilo ofanelekayo.
8. Imibhalo ye-EU CPR: Lokho Umhlinzeki Wakho Okumele Akuhlinzeke
Ngaphansi kwe Umthethonqubo Wemikhiqizo Yokwakha we-EU (Ukubhaliswa (i-EU) No 305/2011), umenzi obeka i-WPC cladding emakethe ye-EU kumele ahlinzeke:
- Isimemezelo Sokusebenza (i-DoP): Idokhumenti esemthethweni ememezela ukusebenza komkhiqizo ngokumelene nesici ngasinye esibalulekile esibhalwe kuzinga elivumelanisiwe. Ngokumbozwa kwe-façade, ukusabela emlilweni (isigaba se-EN 13501-1) kuyisici esimenyezelwe esiyimpoqo.
- Ukumaka kwe-CE: Kunamathiselwe kumkhiqizo kanye/noma ekupakishweni, okubonisa ukuthi i-DoP iyatholakala futhi umkhiqizo uhambisana nezindinganiso ezifanele ezivumelanisiwe.
- Umbiko wokuhlolwa: Kukhishwe yiNhlangano Egunyaziwe Eyaziswayo (ilebhu eqashelwa ngaphansi kohlaka lwe-CPR). Umbiko kumele ubhekisele kumazinga athile okuhlola (i-EN ISO 9239-1 kanye ne-EN ISO 11925-2) kanye nokwabiwa kwe-Euroclass okuphumela kukho.
Amaqembu okuthenga kufanele acele la madokhumenti ngaphambi kokufaka i-oda, hhayi ngemva kokufika kokuthunyelwa endaweni. Ukufaka kabusha amadokhumenti okuhambisana nomlilo ngemva kokuba umkhiqizo usufakiwe esakhiweni kunzima kakhulu futhi kuyabiza kakhulu.
9. Ukuhlaziywa Kwezindleko Nezinzuzo: Amakilasi e-Bfl-s1 vs. Umlilo Ophansi
I-WPC cladding enesilinganiso se-Bfl-s1 ithwala iprimiyamu yezindleko ngaphezu kwamaphrofayili ajwayelekile e-Cfl noma e-Dfl WPC. Iprimiyamu ibonisa izithasiselo ezengeziwe zamaminerali, izithasiselo ze-intumescent, kanye nemali yokuhlola ye-Notified Body edingekayo ukuze kufinyelelwe isigaba somlilo esiphezulu.
Kodwa-ke, ukuhlola izindleko ngentengo yezinto ezibonakalayo kuphela kuyadukisa kumaphrojekthi ehhotela:
- Vumela ukusheshisa: Umbiko we-Bfl-s1 osebenzayo ususa imbangela evame kakhulu yokubambezeleka kwezimvume zokuvunyelwa kwe-façade yehhotela, okunciphisa izindleko zokubamba indawo yokuthuthukiswa.
- Ukonga umshwalense: Abashuwalensi bezindlu zezentengiselwano banganikeza amaphrimiyamu aphansi ezakhiweni ezine-façades ezinesilinganiso se-Bfl-s1, okuzonciphisa ingxenye noma ngokuphelele iphrimiyamu yezinto ezibonakalayo phakathi nesikhathi sepholisi.
- Ukuthobela imithetho yomkhiqizo: Izinhlobo zamahhotela zamazwe ngamazwe zidinga izinto ezihambisana nezindinganiso zazo zokuphepha emlilweni zangaphakathi noma ezidlula izindinganiso zazo zokuphepha emlilweni. Ukucacisa i-Bfl-s1 kusukela ekuqaleni kuvikela unjiniyela ekuklanyweni kabusha okubizayo uma umyalo womkhiqizo usetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokubuyekezwa komklamo.
- Ukwehliswa kwesibopho: Uma kwenzeka umlilo, ukuthobela okubhaliwe isigaba somlilo esiphezulu kakhulu esingafinyeleleka esigabeni sezinto ezibonakalayo kunikeza isivikelo esiqinile sezomthetho kunjiniyela, umakhi wezakhiwo, kanye nosonkontileka.
Umbuzo wabathuthukisi bamahhotela awukona ukuthi i-Bfl-s1 ibiza ngaphezu kwe-Cfl. Umbuzo uwukuthi ingabe izindleko eziphelele ze-Cfl -- okuhlanganisa nokubambezeleka kwemvume okungenzeka, izinkinga zomshuwalense, izingozi zokuthobela imithetho yomkhiqizo, kanye nokuvezwa kwesibopho -- ziphansi kuneprimiyamu yezinto ezibonakalayo ze-Bfl-s1. Ezimweni eziningi, akunjalo.
Ukumbozwa kwe-WPC vs. Izinto Zendabuko: Ukuqhathaniswa Kokusebenza Komlilo Kwemisebenzi Yehhotela
Lapho abakhi bezakhiwo behlola izinto zokumboza ze-façades zehhotela, ukuqhathaniswa kokusebenza komlilo phakathi kwe-WPC nezinye izindlela zendabuko ezifana namaphaneli e-aluminium composite, i-laminate enomfutho ophezulu, kanye nokhuni lwemvelo yikona okuthatha isinqumo okuvame ukunquma ukucaciswa. Amaphaneli e-aluminium composite ane-polyethylene cores asetshenziswa kabanzi ekwakhiweni kwehhotela ngawo-2000, kodwa izinguquko zomthetho zangemva kwe-Grenfell kulo lonke elaseYurophu ziye zanciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwawo ezakhiweni ezingaphezu kwamamitha ayi-18. Ukumboza kwe-WPC nge-EN 13501 Bfl-s1 classification kunikeza izinga lokusebenza komlilo elihlangabezana nezidingo ze-European Construction Products Regulation zezakhiwo zazo zonke izindawo eziphakeme, ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngokusha okuhlasela amaphaneli e-ACM-PE.
Ukumbozwa kwezinkuni zemvelo kuletha ukufudumala kobuhle okuqashelwa ngabakhi behhotela, kodwa ukhuni olungalungiswanga luvame ukufeza ukusebenza komlilo wesigaba se-D noma sesigaba se-C ngaphansi kwe-EN 13501, okunganele kuma-façades ehhotela ezindaweni eziningi zaseYurophu. Ukwelashwa okuvimbela umlilo kungathuthukisa ukhuni lube yisigaba se-B, kodwa ukwelashwa kwengeza izindleko, kudinga ukuphinda kusetshenziswe njalo, futhi kwethula umthwalo wamakhemikhali ophikisana nezidingo zokukhishwa kwe-VOC eziphoqelelwa kakhulu ngaphakathi kwehhotela. Ukumbozwa kwe-WPC co-extrusion kufeza ukuhlukaniswa kwe-Bfl-s1 ngokwakheka kwayo kwezinto kunokwelashwa kwamakhemikhali okusetshenzisiwe, okusho ukuthi ukusebenza komlilo kuyingxenye yomkhiqizo futhi akuwonakali empilweni yesevisi yesakhiwo. Kwabathuthukisi behhotela abadinga kokubili ukuthobela imithetho kanye nokukhishwa kwe-VOC okuphansi, ukumbozwa kwe-WPC co-extrusion kuyincazelo ehlangabezana nezidingo zombili ngasikhathi sinye ngaphandle komthwalo wokulungisa amashejuli okubuyiselwa emuva okuvimbela umlilo.
Ukucacisa i-WPC Cladding yamaphrojekthi okuvuselela amahhotela: Izinto okufanele uzicabangele
Amaphrojekthi okuvuselela amahhotela athatha indawo yezinto ezikhona ze-façade nge-WPC cladding abhekene nezinselelo ezahlukene zokucacisa kunezinhlelo zokwakha ezintsha. Isimo se-substrate esikhona, amandla okwakheka kodonga, kanye nomklamo wendiza yokudonsa amanzi konke kuthinta ukukhethwa kohlelo lwe-cladding. Kumahhotela akhiwe ngaphambi kuka-2000, i-façade ekhona ingafaka ukwakhiwa kodonga olunezimbobo ezinobubanzi obulinganiselwe bezinhlaka ze-cladding, okuvimbela izinketho zohlelo lokulungisa. Amaphrofayili e-WPC co-extrusion cladding avela ku-Yida Wood atholakala ngokujula nobubanzi obuningi ukuze avumelane nokulungiswa okuhlukahlukene kwezinhlaka ze-subframe, kanye nobunzima be-WPC (cishe ubuningi obungu-1.4 g/cm³, uma kuqhathaniswa no-2.7 g/cm³ we-aluminium) kunciphisa umthwalo wesakhiwo odongeni olukhona ngesikhathi sokuvuselelwa.
Kumahhotela asebenza ngesikhathi sokuvuselelwa, umsindo, uthuli, kanye nokuphazamiseka okuvela emsebenzini we-façade kuthinta ngqo ulwazi lwezivakashi kanye nemali engenayo. Ukufakwa kwe-WPC cladding kudala umsindo nothuli oluncane kakhulu kune-cladding yamatshe noma yethayela ngoba izinto ziyasikwa futhi zilungiswe ngamathuluzi ajwayelekile okusebenza ngokhuni. Uhlelo lwephrofayili yolimi oluxhumene olusetshenziswa ku-Yida Wood's co-extrusion cladding luvumela ukufakwa okusheshayo yiqembu elincane, kunciphisa isikhathi sokwakhiwa endaweni ngamaphesenti angaba ngu-30 kuya kwangu-40 uma kuqhathaniswa nokuvuselelwa kwe-cladding yendabuko yokwakhiwa kwamatshe. Kubasebenzi behhotela abangakwazi ukuvala isikhathi eside sokuvuselelwa, le nzuzo yesivinini ihumusha ngqo ekulahlekelweni kwemali engenayo okuncishisiwe ngesikhathi sohlelo lokuthuthukisa i-façade. Ukuhlukaniswa komlilo kwe-EN 13501 Bfl-s1 kusebenza ohlelweni lwe-cladding olufakiwe, ngakho-ke indlela yokufaka kanye nezinto ezingaphansi kohlaka kumele futhi zihambisane nezidingo zokusebenza komlilo - imininingwane okufanele amaqembu okuthenga ayiqinisekise nomhlinzeki we-cladding ngaphambi kokuzibophezela kulokho okucacisiwe.
imibuzo ejwayelekile ukubuzwa
Isho ukuthini i-Bfl-s1 ngamagama alula?
I-Bfl-s1 iyisilinganiso esiphezulu kakhulu sokusabela emlilweni izinto ezivuthayo njenge-WPC ezingasifinyelela ngaphansi kwe-EN 13501-1. I-"Bfl" isho umnikelo olinganiselwe kakhulu emlilweni, kanti i-"s1" isho ukukhiqizwa kwentuthu okuphansi kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuqala komlilo. Kuma-façades ehhotela, imelela indinganiso yegolide yezinto zokumboza ezivuthayo.
Ingabe ukumbozwa kwe-WPC okujwayelekile kungafinyelela i-Bfl-s1 ngaphandle kokuhlanganiswa kwe-co-extrusion?
Empeleni, kunzima kakhulu. Amaphrofayili ajwayelekile e-WPC ngaphandle kwesendlalelo sesivikelo esihlanganisiwe kanye nezihlungi zamaminerali ezivimbela umlilo enkabeni ngokuvamile zifinyelela ku-Cfl-s1 noma ku-Cfl-s2. Inqubo yokuhlanganisa ivumela ukubekwa okunembile kwezithasiselo ezivimbela umlilo kanye negobolondo elivikelayo elenza i-char elihlanganisa ukusebenza ndawonye lifaka uhla lwe-Bfl.
Ingabe i-EN 13501 Bfl-s1 iyadingeka ngokomthetho kuzo zonke izicabha zamahhotela eYurophu?
Izidingo ziyahlukahluka kuye ngombuso ongamalungu, ubude besakhiwo, kanye nohlobo lokuhlala. Kodwa-ke, ngo-2026, amazwe amaningi e-EU anamakhodi okwakha abuyekeziwe adinga okungenani i-Bfl-s1 yokumbozwa kwe-façade ezakhiweni zomphakathi ezingaphezu kwezitezi ezimbili, okuhlanganisa namahhotela. Hlola njalo izidingo ezithile ze-national annex kanye neziphathimandla zokwakha zendawo zendawo zendawo yephrojekthi yakho.
Umbiko wokuhlolwa komlilo we-EN 13501-1 usebenza isikhathi esingakanani?
Akukho usuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi oluqondile ku-EN standard uqobo, kodwa iziphathimandla eziningi zokwakha kanye ne-Notified Bodies zibheka imibiko emidala kuneminyaka engaphezu kwemi-5 njengedinga ukuvuselelwa noma ukuqinisekiswa kabusha, ikakhulukazi uma inqubo yokwenziwa komkhiqizo noma yokukhiqiza ishintshile. Amaqembu okuthenga kufanele acele imibiko enezinsuku ezingaphakathi kweminyaka emi-3 ukuze yamukelwe ngokugcwele.
Ingabe izinga lomlilo le-WPC cladding liyancipha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi uma lifakwa ebusweni?
I-WPC cladding yekhwalithi ephezulu yokuhlanganisa i-WPC yenzelwe ukugcina ukusebenza kwayo komlilo ngemva kokusheshisa kwesimo sezulu. I-EN 15534-1 kanye nemibhalo yokuhlola ehambisanayo idinga ukuthi ukusebenza komlilo okumenyezelwe kuhlale kusebenza ngemva kwenqubo yokuguga echaziwe. Abathengi kufanele bacele ubufakazi bokusebenza komlilo ngemva kwesimo sezulu kumhlinzeki wabo.
Yimaphi amadokhumenti okufanele ngiwacele kumhlinzeki wezingubo ze-WPC zephrojekthi yehhotela?
Cela amadokhumenti amane: (1) iSimemezelo Sokusebenza (i-DoP) esibhekisela ku-EN 13501-1 kanye ne-Euroclass emenyezelwe, (2) umbiko ophelele wokuhlolwa ovela kuMzimba Oqashelwayo Ogunyaziwe, (3) isiqinisekiso sokumaka i-CE, kanye (4) ubufakazi bokuthi umbiko usebenza ekucushweni komkhiqizo oqondile owu-odayo. Uma umhlinzeki engakwazi ukuhlinzeka ngazo zonke ezine, cabanga ngabaphakeli abahlukile.